Acetic acidFeem ntau yog hu ua Acoh, muaj npe tom qab ua cov tseem ceeb ntawm vinegar, thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov fatty acids uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Daim ntawv ntawm dawb hauv qhov feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov nroj tsuag. Molecular ch3cooh. Lub brewing thiab siv cov vinegar muaj keeb kwm ntau txhiab xyoo. Hauv Tebchaws Suav thaum ub, nws tau sau cia rau hauv vinegar. Tab sis muaj cov acetic acid tau tsim los ntawm Stahl hauv 1700. Cov kua acidic acid yog cov kua tsis muaj kob yog thiab muaj lub ntsej muag tsw qab. Lub ntsiab lus melting yog 16.6 ° C, lub boiling point yog 117.9 ° C, thiab tus txheeb ze ceev yog 1.049 (20/4 ° C). Soluble hauv dej, ethanol, glycerin, ether thiab carbon chloride; insoluble hauv carbonide. Dej -Free dej qab zib yog coagulated rau hauv dej khov-npaj tau, feem ntau yog hu ua Iyic acetic acid. Corrosive. Nws tsis muaj zog thiab organic acid, acidicity ntawm cov kua qaub, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kev tawm tsam kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv nrog cawv.
Tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom:Acetic acid(Acoh) yog mono-weak carboxylic acid. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov carboxylic acids. Nws cuam tshuam nrog qee cov hlau, hlau oxides thiab hydroxides ua cov ntsev. Ntau acetic acids muaj qhov tseem ceeb siv. Theem Pib Ferric acetate [Fe (C2h3O) 6Oh (Oocch3) 2] thiab [FEACH3) 2]] thiab ferusy acetate tau siv rau kev luam ntawv. Acetic acid thiab cawv tau tshaj lij. Esterification kuj tseem tuaj yeem nqa tawm nrog cov hydrocarbon unsaturated hauv qab kev ua ntawm catalyst. Alpha-hydrogen tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm Halogens; Thiab formaldehyde nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm catalyst, mus rau lub mis nyuj ntawm dej cawv aldehyde condensation; Thaum nitric acid yog nitrated hauv acetic acid, nitrating tus nqi tuaj yeem hloov kho. Reacting nrog benzoyl chloride, acetyl chloride thiab benzoic acid tuaj yeem tsim tau. Acatic acid tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau yam tseem ceeb ntawm metrivatives, Ethylster, Ester Ester, thiab lwm yam. Cellulose acetate, tsim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm anhydride thiab cellulose, tuaj yeem siv los ua yeeb yaj kiab, pleev xim thiab ntau yam plastics. Carboxymethyl cellulose tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm chloroacetic acid. Lub vinyl acetate tsim los ntawm acetic acid thiab acetylene yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev sib xyaw cov tshuaj, dyes thiab txuj lom, nrog rau kev kho roj hmab. Acetic acid ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam thiab cov synthesis.
Daim Ntawv Thov Teb
Kev Siv Siv
1. Acetic acidyog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj tawm cov organic. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los tsim kev tawm tsam, kev coj ua thiab kev ua kom nruj thiab ethyl acetate. Polyetate Ethyl Ester tuaj yeem ua rau hauv zaj duab xis thiab nplaum, thiab nws tseem yog cov khoom siv raw rau hluavtaws fiber ntau velun. Ethyl acetic acid cellulose tuaj yeem ua cov khoom muag dag thiab zaj duab xis.
2. Lub ethyl acetate tsim los ntawm cov dej cawv tsawg yog cov kuab tshuaj zoo thiab yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam pleev xim. Vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov organic cov khoom uas tshem tawm cov acetic acid, piv txwv li cov organic cov kuab tshuaj (piv txwv li, rau kev tsim cov penyl acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid acid).
3. Acetic Acid tuaj yeem siv rau qee cov kev daws teeb meem thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab, xws li galvanizing rau hauv lub ntsej muag daj) Kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog khi ntawm cov zaj duab xis passivation thiab feem ntau siv los tswj cov ph ntawm cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog plating.
4. Nws yog siv los ua cov ntsev hlau, tshuaj ntsuab, zinc, zinc, zinc, ntaub pua av, ntaubye tuab thiab tawv tyning kev lag luam. Fouritic acid txhuas yog ib qho hluavtaws organic reident tuaj yeem siv ua cov pa acetyl, thiab npaj cov pa acetyl txhuas, thiab lwm yam).
5. Acetic acid kuj tseem siv tau ua cov analytical reagents, organic synthesis, xim tshuaj thiab tshuaj synthesis.
Siv
Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus,acetic acidyog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev acidifified. Thaum tus neeg saib xyuas cov ntxhiab thiab txuj lom yog siv los ua hluavtaws vinegar, cov acetic acid tau diluted rau 4-5%, thiab ntau yam tsw muaj ntxiv. Pheej yig. Raws li cov acid -flavored tus neeg sawv cev, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib xyaw ua si. Nws tau npaj kom siv vinegar, canks, jelly thiab cheese. Koj tseem tuaj yeem sau cov fricmrance cov neeg sawv cev nrog 0.1 ~ 0.3 g / kg.
Cia thiab Tsheb Thauj Mus Los
Cia Prefountefutions: Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw txias, tshuab ua kom muaj zog. Tseg kom deb ntawm hluav taws thiab tshav kub. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, qhov chaw cia kub yuav tsum tau kaw saum 16 ℃ kom tiv thaiv kev solerification. Khaws lub thawv ntim. Nws yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia cais los ntawm oxidant thiab alkali, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob sib xyaw. Tawg-pov thawj teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov pa hluav taws xob tau txais. Tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv neeg kho tshuab thiab cov cuab yeej uas yog nquag ua rau txim siab. Thaj chaw cia yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv kho kom muaj dej ceev thiab cov tuav cov khoom uas tsim nyog tuav.
Kev ceev faj kev ceev faj: Cov khoom no yuav xa los ntawm txhuas lub tsheb tank tau muab los ntawm kev lag luam roose, thiab pom zoo ntawm cov chaw nyob yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm ua ntej ua zaub mov xa tuaj. Kev thauj mus los hauv cov kaus poom yuav tsum nqa tawm hauv nruj ua raws li cov kev txaus ntshai cov cai sib txuas lus hauv "Kev Pab Cuam Tshuam ntawm Kev Railways. Cov ntim yuav tsum ua kom tiav thiab cov chaw thau khoom yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb. Thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los, xyuas kom cov thawv tsis xau, vau, poob lossis puas lossis ua kom puas. Lub trough (tank) tsheb siv hauv kev thauj mus los yuav tsum tau npaj cov saw hlau, thiab ib qho kev faib tawm tuaj yeem muab cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm kev poob siab. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub sib xyaw nrog oxidant, alkali thiab cov tshuaj muaj. Kev thauj hauv kev yuav tsum ua raws txoj kev uas tau hais tseg, tsis txhob nyob hauv thaj chaw nyob hauv nroog thiab muaj cov neeg coob coob.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Lub sijhawm 23-2023