Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
● Rheology ntawm binary sulfate-free surfactant mixtures yog piav qhia los ntawm kev sim.
● Cov teebmeem ntawm pH, cov khoom sib xyaw thiab cov ionic concentration raug tshawb xyuas tsis tu ncua.
● Qhov sib piv ntawm CAPB:SMCT surfactant mass ntawm 1:0.5 ua rau muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm shear viscosity.
● Yuav tsum muaj ntsev ntau kom ua tau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov shear viscosity.
● Qhov ntev ntawm cov kab sib txuas ntawm cov micellar uas tau los ntawm DWS muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qhov shear viscosity.
Abstract
Hauv kev nrhiav cov platform surfactant tsis muaj sulfate tiam tom ntej, cov haujlwm tam sim no muab ib qho ntawm thawj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav rheological ntawm cov dej Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB)-Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate (SMCT) sib xyaw ua ke thoob plaws ntau yam sib xyaw, pH, thiab ionic zog. CAPB-SMCT aqueous solutions (tag nrho cov surfactant concentration ntawm 8-12 wt.%) tau npaj ntawm ntau qhov sib piv surfactant, kho rau pHs 4.5 thiab 5.5, thiab titrated nrog NaCl. Kev ntsuas shear ruaj khov thiab oscillatory ntsuas macroscopic shear viscosity, thaum diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) microrheology muab cov zaus daws viscoelastic moduli thiab cov yam ntxwv micellar ntev nplai. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis muaj ntsev, cov formulations tau pom Newtonian rheology nrog maximal shear viscosities ntawm CAPB: SMCT qhov hnyav piv ntawm 1: 0.5, qhia txog kev txhim kho cationic-anionic headgroup bridging. Txo qhov pH ntawm 5.5 mus rau 4.5 tau muab cov nqi zoo dua rau CAPB, yog li ua rau electrostatic complexation loj dua nrog cov anionic SMCT tag nrho thiab tsim cov micellar networks muaj zog dua. Kev ntxiv ntsev tsis tu ncua modulsions headgroup-headgroup, tsav tsheb morphological evolution los ntawm discrete micelles mus rau elongated, wormlike aggregates. Zero-shear viscosities tau pom qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntsev-rau-surfactant ratios (R), qhia txog qhov sib npaug ntawm electrostatic ob txheej kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab micellar elongation. DWS microrheology tau lees paub cov kev soj ntsuam macroscopic no, qhia txog Maxwellian spectra sib txawv ntawm R ≥ 1, sib xws nrog reptation-dominated breakage-recombination mechanisms. Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov entanglement thiab persistence ntev tseem tsis hloov pauv nrog ionic zog, thaum contour ntev tau pom muaj zog correlations nrog xoom-shear viscosity. Cov kev tshawb pom no hais txog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm micellar elongation thiab thermodynamic synergy hauv kev tswj cov kua viscoelasticity, muab lub moj khaum rau kev tsim cov tshuaj surfactants tsis muaj sulfate ua haujlwm siab los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov ceev ntawm cov nqi, cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov xwm txheej ionic.
Cov Duab Abstract
Kev Taw Qhia
Cov txheej txheem surfactant binary aqueous uas muaj cov hom sib txawv tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, suav nrog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj, agrochemicals, thiab kev lag luam ua zaub mov. Kev siv dav dav ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog vim lawv cov haujlwm zoo dua thiab rheological, uas ua rau muaj kev ua tau zoo dua hauv ntau hom kev tsim khoom. Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov surfactants no rau hauv cov kab mob zoo li cov kab mob, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke muab cov khoom macroscopic uas hloov tau zoo heev, suav nrog kev nce viscoelasticity thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm interfacial. Tshwj xeeb, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm anionic thiab zwitterionic surfactants qhia txog kev txhim kho synergistic hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw, viscosity, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ntxhov siab. Cov cwj pwm no tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam electrostatic thiab steric ntawm cov pab pawg polar head thiab hydrophobic tails ntawm surfactants, sib piv nrog cov txheej txheem ib leeg-surfactant, qhov twg cov zog electrostatic repulsive feem ntau txwv kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB; SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCCN+ (C)CC([O−])=O) yog ib qho amphoteric surfactant siv dav hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce vim nws cov txiaj ntsig ntxuav tau yooj yim thiab cov khoom siv kho plaub hau. Lub zwitterionic xwm ntawm CAPB ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw electrostatic nrog anionic surfactants, txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj thiab txhawb nqa kev ua tau zoo dua. Tau tsib xyoo dhau los, CAPB sib xyaw nrog sulfate-based surfactants, xws li CAPB-sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus hauv cov khoom siv tu tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm sulfate-based surfactants, kev txhawj xeeb txog lawv cov peev xwm ua rau khaus tawv nqaij thiab muaj 1,4-dioxane, ib qho khoom lag luam ntawm cov txheej txheem ethoxylation, tau tsav kev txaus siab rau lwm txoj hauv kev tsis muaj sulfate. Cov neeg sib tw cog lus suav nrog amino-acid-based surfactants, xws li taurates, sarcosinates, thiab glutamates, uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm biocompatibility thiab cov khoom mos dua [9]. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pawg loj ntawm cov kev xaiv no feem ntau cuam tshuam kev tsim cov qauv micellar uas sib xyaw ua ke, ua rau yuav tsum siv cov rheological modifiers.
Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate (SMCT; SMILES:
CCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CCS(=O)(=O)O[Na]) yog ib qho anionic surfactant uas tau tsim los ua sodium ntsev los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm N-methyltaurine (2-methylaminoethanesulfonic acid) nrog cov roj fatty acid los ntawm txiv maj phaub. SMCT muaj ib pawg taurine uas txuas nrog amide nrog rau ib pawg anionic sulfonate uas muaj zog heev, ua rau nws lwj thiab sib xws nrog daim tawv nqaij pH, uas ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo rau cov tshuaj sulfate uas tsis muaj sulfate. Taurate surfactants yog cov yam ntxwv los ntawm lawv cov tshuaj ntxuav zoo, kev ua haujlwm ntawm dej tawv, kev ua kom mos mos, thiab kev ruaj khov pH dav.
Cov kev ntsuas rheological, suav nrog shear viscosity, viscoelastic moduli, thiab yield stress, yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov ruaj khov, kev ntxhib los mos, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom surfactant. Piv txwv li, siab shear viscosity tuaj yeem txhim kho kev khaws cia substrate, thaum yield stress tswj hwm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis plaub hau tom qab siv. Cov yam ntxwv macroscopic rheological no tau hloov kho los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog surfactant concentration, pH, kub, thiab qhov muaj cov co-solvents lossis additives. Oppositely charged surfactants tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm ntau yam microstructural hloov pauv, xws li los ntawm spherical micelles thiab vesicles mus rau kua crystalline theem, uas, tig mus, cuam tshuam rau qhov loj rheology. Cov sib xyaw ntawm amphoteric thiab anionic surfactants feem ntau tsim elongated wormlike micelles (WLMs), uas txhim kho cov khoom viscoelastic. Yog li ntawd, kev nkag siab txog microstructure-property kev sib raug zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom.
Muaj ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb sim tau tshawb nrhiav cov kab ke binary zoo sib xws, xws li CAPB-SLES, los piav qhia txog lub hauv paus microstructural ntawm lawv cov khoom. Piv txwv li, Mitrinova et al. [13] sib raug zoo micelle loj (hydrodynamic radius) nrog cov kua viscosity hauv CAPB-SLES-medium-chain co-surfactant sib xyaw siv rheometry thiab dynamic light scattering (DLS). Mechanical rheometry muab kev nkag siab rau hauv microstructural evolution ntawm cov sib xyaw no thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm optical microrheology siv diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) uas txuas ntxiv qhov nkag mus rau qhov zaus sau, ntes cov dynamics luv luv-lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau WLM relaxation txheej txheem. Hauv DWS microrheology, qhov nruab nrab square displacement ntawm embedded colloidal probes raug taug qab dhau sijhawm, ua rau kev rho tawm ntawm linear viscoelastic moduli ntawm cov nruab nrab ib puag ncig ntawm kev sib raug zoo Stokes-Einstein. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog xav tau cov qauv tsawg kawg nkaus thiab yog li ntawd zoo rau kev kawm cov kua dej nyuaj nrog cov khoom siv tsawg, piv txwv li cov protein-raws li formulations. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv <Δr²(t)> thoob plaws cov spectra dav dav pab txhawb kev kwv yees ntawm cov micellar parameters xws li mesh loj, entanglement ntev, persistence ntev, thiab contour ntev. Amin et al tau qhia tias CAPB-SLES sib xyaw ua raws li kev kwv yees los ntawm Cates 'txoj kev xav, qhia txog kev nce ntxiv ntawm viscosity nrog ntsev ntxiv kom txog thaum muaj ntsev concentration tseem ceeb, dhau qhov viscosity poob qis sai sai - ib qho lus teb ib txwm muaj hauv WLM systems Xu thiab Amin siv mechanical rheometry thiab DWS los tshuaj xyuas SLES-CAPB-CCB sib xyaw, qhia txog Maxwellian rheological teb qhia txog kev tsim WLM entangled, uas tau lees paub ntxiv los ntawm microstructural parameters inferred los ntawm DWS kev ntsuas. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem no, kev tshawb fawb tam sim no koom ua ke mechanical rheometry thiab DWS microrheology los piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas microstructural reorganizations tsav tus cwj pwm shear ntawm CAPB-SMCT sib xyaw.
Vim muaj kev thov ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntxuav uas mos dua thiab ruaj khov dua, kev tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj anionic surfactants uas tsis muaj sulfate tau nce siab txawm tias muaj teeb meem hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj. Cov qauv molecular sib txawv ntawm cov tshuab tsis muaj sulfate feem ntau ua rau muaj cov qauv rheological sib txawv, ua rau cov tswv yim ib txwm muaj rau kev txhim kho viscosity xws li ntsev lossis polymeric thickening. Piv txwv li, Yorke et al. tau tshawb nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev uas tsis yog sulfate los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav cov khoom ua npuas thiab rheological ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw binary thiab ternary surfactant uas muaj alkyl olefin sulfonate (AOS), alkyl polyglucoside (APG), thiab lauryl hydroxysultaine. Ib qho piv ntawm 1:1 ntawm AOS-sultaine tau qhia txog kev ua kom nyias nyias thiab cov yam ntxwv ua npuas zoo ib yam li CAPB-SLES, qhia txog kev tsim WLM. Rajput et al. [26] tau soj ntsuam lwm yam tshuaj anionic surfactant uas tsis muaj sulfate, sodium cocoyl glycinate (SCGLY), nrog rau cov tshuaj co-surfactants nonionic (cocamide diethanolamine thiab lauryl glucoside) los ntawm DLS, SANS, thiab rheometry. Txawm hais tias SCGLY ib leeg tsim cov micelles spherical feem ntau, kev ntxiv co-surfactant ua rau muaj kev tsim cov micellar morphologies uas nyuaj dua, uas ua tau raws li pH-driven modulation.
Txawm hais tias muaj cov kev nce qib no, tab sis muaj ob peb txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tau tsom mus rau cov khoom rheological ntawm cov kab ke tsis muaj sulfate uas muaj CAPB thiab taurates. Txoj kev tshawb fawb no lub hom phiaj yog los sau qhov sib txawv no los ntawm kev muab ib qho ntawm thawj qhov kev piav qhia txog rheological ntawm CAPB-SMCT binary system. Los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw surfactant, pH, thiab ionic zog, peb piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv uas tswj hwm shear viscosity thiab viscoelasticity. Siv cov khoom siv kho tshuab rheometry thiab DWS microrheology, peb ntsuas cov kev hloov pauv microstructural uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev coj cwj pwm ntawm CAPB-SMCT sib xyaw. Cov kev tshawb pom no piav qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm pH, CAPB-SMCT piv, thiab cov theem ionic hauv kev txhawb nqa lossis tiv thaiv WLM tsim, yog li muab cov kev nkag siab zoo rau kev kho cov qauv rheological ntawm cov khoom lag luam surfactant rau ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-05-2025