Kev ua kom nruj dua cov cai ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb tab tom hloov kho dua tshiab ntawm kev lag luam perchloroethylene (PCE). Cov kev ntsuas kev cai lij choj hauv cov lag luam loj xws li Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Meskas, thiab EU tab tom siv kev tswj hwm tag nrho uas suav nrog kev tsim khoom, kev siv, thiab kev pov tseg, tsav kev lag luam los ntawm kev hloov pauv loj hauv kev hloov kho tus nqi, kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, thiab kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Muaj ib lub sijhawm txwv meej meej tau tsim tsa ntawm theem txoj cai. Lub Koom Haum Tiv Thaiv Ib Puag Ncig ntawm Tebchaws Meskas (EPA) tau tshaj tawm txoj cai kawg thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2024, yuam kom txwv tsis pub siv PCE hauv kev ntxuav qhuav tom qab Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2034. Cov khoom siv ntxuav qhuav tiam thib peb uas tsis siv lawm yuav raug tshem tawm txij li xyoo 2027, tsuas yog NASA thiaj li zam tau rau cov ntawv thov thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Cov cai hauv tsev tau hloov kho dua tshiab ua ke: PCE raug cais ua cov khib nyiab txaus ntshai (HW41), nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 8 teev hauv tsev uas txwv tsis pub tshaj 0.12mg / m³. Kaum tsib lub nroog tseem ceeb suav nrog Beijing thiab Shanghai yuav siv cov qauv VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) nruj dua hauv xyoo 2025, xav tau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ≤50ppm.
Cov cai tau thawb ncaj qha rau cov nqi ua raws li kev cai ntawm cov tuam txhab. Cov chaw ntxuav qhuav yuav tsum hloov cov khoom siv qhib, nrog rau tus nqi kho dua tshiab ib lub khw muag khoom txij li 50,000 txog 100,000 yuan; cov lag luam tsis ua raws li kev cai yuav raug nplua 200,000 yuan thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo kaw. Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom raug yuam kom teeb tsa cov khoom siv saib xyuas VOCs tiag tiag, nrog rau ib qho kev nqis peev ntau dua 1 lab yuan, thiab cov nqi ua raws li kev cai ib puag ncig tam sim no suav txog ntau dua 15% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi. Cov nqi pov tseg pov tseg tau nce ntau: tus nqi pov tseg rau PCE siv tau nce mus txog 8,000 txog 12,000 yuan ib tuj, siab dua 5-8 npaug ntawm cov khib nyiab ib txwm muaj. Cov chaw tsim khoom xws li Shandong tau siv cov nqi hluav taws xob ntxiv rau cov tuam txhab uas tsis ua raws li cov qauv kev siv hluav taws xob.
Cov qauv kev lag luam tab tom ua kom muaj kev sib txawv sai dua, nrog rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ciaj sia. Ntawm sab kev tsim khoom, cov thev naus laus zis xws li kev sib cais membrane thiab catalysis siab heev tau ua rau cov khoom huv si ntau dua 99.9% thaum txo kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 30%. Cov tuam txhab ua lag luam thev naus laus zis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua 12-15 feem pua ntau dua li cov neeg sib tw ib txwm muaj. Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam qhia txog "kev khaws cia siab, kev tawm qis" sib txawv: 38% ntawm cov khw muag khoom me me thiab nruab nrab tau rho tawm vim muaj kev nyuaj siab rau tus nqi, thaum cov npe lag luam xws li Weishi tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke rov qab cov txheej txheem. Lub caij no, cov teb siab xws li kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov electrolytes zog tshiab khaws cia 30% ntawm kev sib koom ua lag luam vim yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm.
Kev lag luam ntawm cov thev naus laus zis hloov pauv tau nrawm dua, ua rau kev lag luam ib txwm muaj kev nyuaj ntxiv. Cov tshuaj hydrocarbon, nrog rau cov nqi kho dua tshiab nruab nrab ntawm 50,000 txog 80,000 yuan, tau ua tiav 25% ntawm kev lag luam hauv xyoo 2025 thiab tsim nyog rau 20-30% kev pab nyiaj los ntawm tsoomfwv. Txawm hais tias muaj kev nqis peev ntau ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm 800,000 yuan ib chav, cov kua CO₂ kev ntxuav qhuav tau pom kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 25% ua tsaug rau qhov zoo ntawm xoom-pollution. D30 roj yaj ib puag ncig txo cov VOCs emissions los ntawm 75% hauv kev ntxuav kev lag luam, nrog rau qhov ntsuas kev lag luam tshaj 5 billion yuan hauv xyoo 2025.
Qhov loj ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab cov qauv kev lag luam tab tom hloov kho tib lub sijhawm. Kev thov PCE hauv tebchaws poob qis 8-12% txhua xyoo, nrog rau tus nqi nruab nrab yuav poob rau 4,000 yuan ib tuj hauv xyoo 2025. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tuam txhab lag luam tau them rov qab rau qhov sib txawv hauv tebchaws los ntawm kev xa khoom mus rau Belt thiab Road lub tebchaws, nrog rau qhov ntim khoom xa tawm nce ntxiv 91.32% txhua xyoo thaum Lub Ib Hlis-Tsib Hlis 2025. Cov khoom xa tuaj txawv teb chaws tab tom hloov mus rau cov khoom lag luam siab: hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo 2025, kev loj hlob ntawm tus nqi xa khoom (31.35%) ntau dua qhov kev loj hlob ntawm qhov ntim (11.11%), thiab ntau dua 99% ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab tseem vam khom kev xa khoom los ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemees.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev lag luam yuav ua kom muaj zog; nyob rau lub sijhawm nruab nrab mus rau lub sijhawm ntev, tus qauv ntawm "kev sib sau ua ke siab thiab kev hloov pauv ntsuab" yuav tshwm sim. Nws xav tias 30% ntawm cov khw muag khoom me thiab nruab nrab yuav tawm mus thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2025, thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom yuav raug txo los ntawm 350,000 tons mus rau 250,000 tons. Cov tuam txhab ua lag luam yuav tsom mus rau cov khoom muaj nqis ntxiv xws li PCE qib hluav taws xob los ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, nrog rau qhov sib piv ntawm cov lag luam tshuaj ntsuab maj mam nce ntxiv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-11-2025