Polyurethane yog ib yam khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tshiab tseem ceeb. Vim nws muaj kev ua tau zoo heev thiab siv tau ntau yam, nws yog hu ua "yas thib tsib loj tshaj plaws". Txij li rooj tog, khaub ncaws, mus rau kev thauj mus los, kev tsim kho, kev ua si nawv, thiab kev tsim kho dav hlau thiab kev tiv thaiv lub teb chaws, cov khoom siv polyurethane uas muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw yog cov neeg sawv cev tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tshiab thiab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kuv lub teb chaws los tsim lub teb chaws muaj zog.
Tom qab ntau tshaj 20 xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane raw khoom, nws tau qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntim mus rau qhov zoo. Cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm isocyanate tau qeb duas ua tus thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb. Nws tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev txhawb nqa thev naus laus zis uas tau nkag mus rau hauv kev txhim kho zoo. Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus tsim khoom polyurethane raw khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nrog rau thaj chaw tiav tshaj plaws hauv kev siv polyurethane.
Ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv rau polyurethane, cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav yog cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau polymer kom nthuav cov saw hlau molecular thiab ua rau qhov hnyav molecular nce. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim ntau yam khoom polyurethane. Hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane, cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav tuaj yeem ua tiav ob qho kev tshuaj lom neeg: nthuav dav thiab sib txuas kom ua tiav kev ua tau zoo, cov khoom siv polyurethane zoo, xws li txhim kho qhov tawv, elasticity, thiab tearing degree ntawm cov khoom siv polyurethane, thiab qib tearing. Physics thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv taus kub, tiv taus roj, tiv taus huab cua thiab tiv taus corrosion.
Ib, Lub luag haujlwm thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane saw nthuav dav
Tus neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav yog hais txog cov amine molecular qis thiab cov tshuaj cawv uas muaj ob pawg ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov polymer kab-hom los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov saw hlau. Los ntawm kev siv cov neeg sawv cev sib txawv ntawm cov saw hlau, lossis hloov cov mis ntawm cov saw hlau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj ntawm cov nqi sib txawv tau ua tiav, thiab cov khoom siv polyurethane nrog cov kev ua tau zoo sib txawv tau tsim tawm.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane saw nthuav dav hauv cov tshuaj polyurethane synthesis feem ntau suav nrog:
(1) Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav polyurethane muaj ib pawg yam ntxwv (amino thiab hydroxyl pawg) uas tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog isocyanate. Qhov hnyav molecular thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau lub kaw lus polyurethane tshuaj tiv thaiv sai sai nthuav dav lossis khov kho, tsim ib kab nrog qhov hnyav molecular loj dua Cov molecules muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm polymer.
(2) Cov saw txuas sib txawv muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib txawv. Los ntawm kev siv ntau hom sib txawv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav thiab cov koob tshuaj, kho cov reactor viscosity, molecules thiab cov qauv morphological kom hloov kho rau polyurethane ntau lawm thiab cov khoom ntawm ntau lub tshuab thiab cov kev xav tau zoo.
(3) Cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav sib txawv tuaj yeem muab cov khoom sib txawv ntawm polyurethane, thiab qee cov qauv pawg hauv cov saw hlau nthuav dav tau qhia rau hauv cov saw hlau tseem ceeb ntawm polyurethane, uas cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem thiab kev ua haujlwm tshuaj lom neeg ntawm polyurethane, xws li lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, Kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog, kev tiv thaiv kub, kev tiv thaiv huab cua, kev tiv thaiv roj, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab lwm yam.
Cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav Polyurethane feem ntau muab faib ua amine, cawv, thiab cawv. Los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem thiab cov qauv kev ua tau zoo, dilate thiab diol feem ntau yog raws li cov txheej txheem txheej txheem thiab cov qauv kev ua tau zoo. Cov neeg sawv cev dilate-hom saw dilatation ib txwm muaj xws li ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanol, thiab ib-shrinkable dihydramol, thiab lwm yam, muaj kev ua tau zoo tsawg rau cov khoom polyurethane, thiab yog cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav saw ib txwm muaj. Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav saw nrog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane feem ntau yog ob pawg: aromatic dihanramine thiab aromatic diol. Nws yog hu ua tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav saw siab. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub nplhaib benzene nruj. Lub zog, kev tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam, kev tiv thaiv nruab nrab thiab lwm yam khoom.
Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav aromatic diharamine tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv polyurethane elastic series xwb. Nws yog tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav polyurethane saw hlau uas muaj kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws, phem tshaj plaws, thiab loj tshaj plaws.
Cov polyurethane elastic lub cev ib txwm muaj feem ntau kho nrog ob kauj ruam, uas yog, cov khoom siv hluavtaws ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd kho nrog cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav kom khov. Nyob ntawm hom isocyanate, prefabricated tuaj yeem faib ua TDI thiab MDI hom. Piv nrog rau ob qho, TDI cov haujlwm ua ntej tsis ua haujlwm yog qis, thiab nws feem ntau phim nrog cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav amine uas muaj zog heev; MDI prefabricated cov haujlwm ua ntej yog siab, thiab cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav hydroxy-raws li nrog cov foob hydroxyl-raws li qis dua. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov xwm txheej siv thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los xaiv cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav saw tom qab xaiv tom qab hom isocyanate.
2, Cov khoom siv polyurethane saw hlau nthuav dav zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov
2.1 Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav ntawm cov saw hlau arammer dihan amine
Vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo heev thiab zoo, tus neeg sawv cev dihamine dilation yog tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav tshaj plaws thiab siv dav tshaj plaws hauv cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane elastic.
Cov tshuaj dianramine uas siv ntau feem ntau suav nrog 3, 3′-dichlori-4, 4′-diodes (MOCA: hom I, hom Ⅱ, tiv taus kub siab, thiab lwm yam), 1,3-propylene glycol Ob Chav (4-amino benzoate) (740m), 4,4′-sub-base-double (3-chlorine-2,6-diecene aniline) (M-CDEA), polyphamorethyl ether Diol ob-khub aminbenzoate (P-1000, P-650, P-250, thiab lwm yam), 3,5-two ethylene torneramine (DETDA, tseem hu ua E-100), 3,5-diracle Sulfenylene (DMTDA, tseem hu ua E-300) thiab lwm yam khoom.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav MOCA yog tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws uas tau nqis peev rau hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam hauv kuv lub tebchaws. Nws yog lub xeev khov kho ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom polyurethane uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev nyab xeeb thiab yooj yim, uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam kev qhia thiab cov duab. Lub elasticity ntawm polyurethanes yog qhov muaj zog, siab rov qab, siab hnav tsis kam, tiv taus kev ua phem, tiv taus corrosion thiab lwm yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws tuaj yeem ua cov khoom loj. Nws yog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav aromatic dilate. Txij li thaum kev txhim kho ntawm DuPont hauv xyoo 1950, MOCA tau nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm polyurethane elasticity. Tam sim no nws yog tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav polyurethane loj tshaj plaws. Nws tseem ceeb dua hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev nchuav polyurethane elasticity. Tam sim no, cov chaw tsim khoom MOCA uas paub zoo hauv Suav teb yog: Suzhou Xiangyuan New Materials Co., Ltd. (lub tuam txhab Jiangsu Xiangyuan Chemical Company), Huaibei Xingguang New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Chongshun New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Hua Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. (yav dhau los Binhai Mingsheng Chemical Co., Ltd.), Chizhou Tianci High-tech Materials Co., Ltd., ntxiv rau, muaj Taiwan Shuangbang Industrial Co., Ltd., Taiwan Sanhuang Co., Ltd., thiab Katshan Kohshan Perfect Industry Co., Ltd.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm cov tuam txhab Suav teb, MOCA cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom tau dhau los ua kev nce qib. Piv txwv li, Xiangyuan Cov Khoom Siv Tshiab kov yeej qhov teeb meem ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, kev ua qias tuaj loj, thiab kev ruaj khov tsis txaus ntawm kev tsim cov hydrogenation ntawm hydrogenation ntawm hydrogenation ntawm hydrogenation ntawm hydrogenation. Txoj kev txuas ntxiv ua rau cov hydrogen hydrogenation ntawm cov suab nrov siab thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom MOCA, ua kom paub txog kev ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg, kaw tag nrho, tsim ntsuab, ua kom paub txog cov kuab tshuaj, tsis muaj plua plav, txo kev siv hluav taws xob thiab xoom emissions. Cov cuab yeej tsim khoom MOCA txuas ntxiv tau dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb-nrov npe khoom tsim khoom ntawm polyurethane saw nthuav dav tus neeg sawv cev.
Ntxiv rau, Xiangyuan Cov Khoom Siv Tshiab kuj tau tsim cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav Xylink740M thiab Xylink P series, ua kom pom kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom no, txhawb cov chaw tsim khoom siv polyurethane kom txhim kho qhov zoo, txo cov nqi, thiab nthuav dav cov ntawv thov.
2.2 Tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm aromatic diol dilateral expansion
Cov tshuaj diol dilation uas siv ntau feem ntau suav nrog phenyl-phenolic hydroxyxyl-based ether (HQEE), interciphenylbenols, hydroxyl ether (HER), thiab hydroxyethyl-based phenolic pyrodhenol sib xyaw (HQEE-L), Hydroxyethylhhexybenol sib xyaw (HER-L), thiab lwm yam, feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane rau MDI cov txheej txheem, uas yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab cov pa phem. Kev piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav HQEE yog tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav molecular symmetrical aromatic diol. Nws yog ib qho khoom khov kho, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj kuab paug, thiab khaus. Nws muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog MDI thiab tuaj yeem ua kom lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv ntev dua. Xiangyuan Cov Khoom Siv Tshiab tau tsim HQEE, HER, Xylink HQEE-L, Xylinkher-L series saw hlau nthuav dav. Qhov zoo yog siab dua li cov khoom zoo sib xws hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, thiab cov khoom raug muag hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws.
2.3 Lwm cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav aromatic nrog kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb
Nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov teb polyurethane tshiab, cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav tshiab thiab cov thev naus laus zis siv tau raug txhawb nqa tas li kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam polyurethane. Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tau tsim ntau yam kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb aromatic saw nthuav dav.
Tianmen Winterine (DMD230) yog ib txoj saw hlau uas muaj ob lub beam amin amino-free, uas yog siv rau kev npaj cov tshuaj pleev xim uas tsis muaj kuab tshuaj lossis cov khoom muaj zog. Piv nrog cov tshuaj tsuag polyettes ib txwm muaj, cov khoom no muaj kev teb nruab nrab, kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev tsim kho zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo heev. Nws muaj qhov ci ntsa iab zoo thiab pom tseeb nrog polycoges hauv kev npaj cov roj chloride polycisotripocyanate, kev ywj pheej zoo thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab, kev hloov pauv daj-resistant, kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo, kev tiv thaiv huab cua zoo, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntev dua. Ntxiv rau cov choj, qhov av, thiab ntau hom pem teb thiab cov cim qhia kev, nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv cov ntawv thov siab xws li cov tshuaj pleev xim tiv thaiv thiab cov tawv nqaij sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hniav cua fais fab. Kev tsim khoom lag luam thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov khoom no yuav pab txhawb kev txhim kho zoo ntawm cov tshuaj pleev xim.
Qhov kev sib kis (311) ntawm cov aromatic diharamine thiab sodium chloride compounds (311) yog ib hom kev sib xyaw ntawm aromatic diharamine thiab inorganic salts. Nws tuaj yeem sib phim nrog ntau yam polyurethane pre-polystans ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov duab nyuaj lossis loj. Cov khoom lag luam hauv cheeb tsam, microwave vulcanization, thiab lwm yam xwm txheej uas xav tau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev dua, kuj tuaj yeem siv ua tus neeg sawv cev kho rau epoxy resin. Cov khoom zoo sib xws suav nrog Caytur 31DA hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Xylink 311, Xiangyuan Cov Khoom Tshiab.
Lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qab dej xws li oxidazole, ketone amine, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem txo qhov ua tau ntawm kev txheej lossis lwm yam khoom los tsim cov npuas hauv chav nruab nrab ntawm kev kho, thiab nws kuj muaj chaw rau kev txhim kho.
3. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane saw nthuav dav
Kev lag luam polyurethane nthuav dav hauv kuv lub teb chaws muaj lub hauv paus tsis muaj zog. Thaum ntxov, kev lag luam polyurethane saw hlau hauv tsev yeej ib txwm raug tswj hwm los ntawm cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb. Txij li thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua no, ib pawg ntawm cov tuam txhab polyurethane saw hlau hauv zos uas sawv cev los ntawm Xiangyuan New Materials tau ua tiav kev rhuav tshem cov kev tswj hwm txawv teb chaws tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm R & D thiab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm thev naus laus zis. Qee cov khoom lag luam polyurethane saw hlau hauv kuv lub teb chaws tau mus txog qib ntawm cov khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb zoo sib xws.
Raws li tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav tshaj plaws ntawm amine polyurethane, MOCA cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yog laus, ruaj khov, nruab nrab, thiab tsim nyog teb. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev nchuav lub cev elastic hauv cov ntawv thov downstream, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog TDI system, ntau cov khoom polyurethane tau sau ntau cov qauv laus ntawm cov khoom polyurethane laus mis Essence MOCA qhov ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm tau raug sim tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom xyaum. Tus nqi yog siab heev. Tom qab ntau xyoo siv, qee qhov kev thaiv txheej txheem tau tsim. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv, thiab daim teb thov txuas ntxiv mus tas li.
Lub Koom Haum European Chemical Administration, ua ib lub koom haum uas saib xyuas daim ntawv pov thawj EU Reach, tau tshaj tawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 30, 2017. Tom qab piv cov kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb, kev ua tau zoo, thiab tus nqi, nws tau hais tias hauv thaj chaw ntawm polyurethane elastic lub cev, MOCA cov khoom zoo Kev ua tau zoo, kev siv nyiaj tsim nyog thiab lwm yam zoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab tam sim no tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev.
Kev lag luam polyurethane nthuav dav hauv Suav teb tau pib lig. Thaum ntxov, vim tias qib thev naus laus zis tsim khoom qis, cov khoom siv raw tsis muaj zog, thiab tsis txaus R & D cov txuj ci, kev lag luam polyurethane saw hlau hauv tebchaws tau raug tswj hwm los ntawm cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb. Txog rau xyoo 1990, ntau lub tuam txhab polyurethane saw hlau hauv tebchaws tau ua tiav kev tswj hwm thev naus laus zis txawv teb chaws tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm R & D thiab kev sau cov txuj ci, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm qee cov khoom siv polyurethane saw hlau nthuav dav tau mus txog qib ntawm cov khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb zoo sib xws. Tshwj xeeb, Xiangyuan cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tau ua tus thawj coj hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv MOCA txuas ntxiv mus txog 10,000-tuj. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab qib kev txawj ntse tau mus txog qib siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab hauv tebchaws. Tam sim no, cov chaw tsim khoom MOCA hauv tebchaws tau ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov ionamine dawb. Cov MOCA granular thiab MOCA kub hloov daj hauv cov khoom MOCA series tau nyiam los ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane.
Daim phiaj xwm "Kaum Ob Tsib Xyoos rau" Txoj Kev Npaj Tsib Xyoos "ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane hais tias ntxiv rau kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo MOCA, kev txhawb nqa thiab kev siv cov neeg sawv cev tshiab MCDEA, E-100, HER, HQEE thiab lwm yam khoom yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv. Raws li cov khoom lag luam MOCA, nrog rau kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane thiab cov khoom lag luam, lwm cov khoom lag luam tshiab kuj tau tshwm sim, tsim cov qauv sib txawv nrog cov khoom MOCA.
Nrog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, cov khoom tshiab ntawm cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav aromatic muaj qhov zoo tshwj xeeb hauv kev teb ceev, kev tiv taus kub siab, kev ua haujlwm, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Daim ntawv thov tau maj mam loj hlob, thiab qhov ntau ntawm daim ntawv thov txuas ntxiv nthuav dav. Piv txwv li, P-1000, P650, P250, 740M, vim nws cov yam ntxwv ntsuab, tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, maj mam qhib kev lag luam daim ntawv thov hauv ntau qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub kaw lus MDI uas tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntau dua, qhov ntsuas kev siv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev dilateral dilation ua tau zoo xws li HQEE thiab HER nrog kev sib xws zoo dua thiab sib xws nrog MDI system tau maj mam nce, muab polyurethane elasticity zoo heev lub cev zoo heev. Kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb xws li kev tiv taus kub thiab lub zog tsim kua muag. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tsim cov khoom nchuav, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom thermoplastic elastomic ua tau zoo, uas tuaj yeem txo tau. Hauv cov cheeb tsam daim ntawv thov nrog cov kev xav tau kev ua tau zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane hauv cov tebchaws tsim thiab qee cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane, cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav xws li 740m, HQEE, HER tab tom ua kom tob dua. Tus neeg sawv cev nthuav dav tshiab muaj qhov zoo sib txawv hauv kev faib tawm tshwj xeeb, thiab qhov kev txwv kev siv tshuab yog qhov siab heev. Tam sim no, kev ua lag luam hauv tsev tseem nyob rau theem kev txhawb nqa daim ntawv thov.
四, Tus qauv kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane saw nthuav dav
Kev lag luam polyurethane hauv North America thiab Western Europe tau khaws cia ntau xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho. Kev lag luam muaj zog hauv kev lag luam, thiab kev ua lag luam kuj loj hlob sai. Tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg siv khoom hauv cov cheeb tsam no muaj cov kev xav tau kev ua tau zoo dua rau cov khoom polyurethane, thiab qhov kev thov rau cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav tshiab yog sai dua MOCA. Tam sim no, cov teb chaws tsim kho xws li Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas nyob hauv feem ntau ntawm qhov kev thov rau cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav tshiab.
Kev siv polyurethane ntau hauv thaj av Asia-Pacific thiab lwm lub tebchaws tshiab tab tom dhau los ua lub zog tseem ceeb rau kev thov polyurethane thoob ntiaj teb. Ntawm lawv, thaj av Asia-Pacific twb yog lub khw muag khoom polyurethane loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, suav txog li 48% ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb; lwm lub tebchaws tshiab xws li Is Nrias teb, Brazil, Mexico, thiab lwm yam, qhov kev thov polyurethane hauv cov tsev, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, cov rooj tog hauv tsev thiab lwm yam kev lag luam kuj nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, piv rau cov tebchaws tsim kho hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas, qee thaj chaw hauv cov cheeb tsam no tseem nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev lag luam. Lawv muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv kev lag luam polyurethane thiab them sai sai rau tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo. Yav tom ntej, yav tom ntej, thaj chaw no tseem yuav tswj hwm qhov kev thov siab rau MOCAs kim heev.
Tam sim no, cov tuam txhab loj thoob ntiaj teb polyurethane nthuav dav, xws li Kazaka Kagosan Perfect Industry Co., Ltd., United States Air Chemical (Winchuang tau txais hauv xyoo 2016), thiab United States Coco (tau txais los ntawm Langsheng hauv xyoo 2017), thiab lwm yam, tau tswj hwm lub ntiaj teb Feem ntau ntawm cov lag luam ntawm cov neeg sawv cev nthuav dav saw, qee lub tuam txhab me me uas tsis muaj kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam - tsev kawm qib siab - kev tshawb fawb tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom zoo thiab tus nqi, thiab qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev lag luam nthuav dav saw tau nce ntxiv. Tib lub sijhawm, cov tuam txhab loj kuj tseem vam khom lub zog peev thiab keeb kwm yav dhau los tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho kom nthuav dav cov khoom siv raw khoom thiab cov khoom tsim khoom, thiab tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb loj - cov chaw tsim khoom loj thiab kev muag khoom thiab R & D chaw hauv thaj chaw uas muaj cov peev txheej zoo, kev ua lag luam, thiab cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm.
5. Qhov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab kev coj ua ntawm cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav
Ua ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane, cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane nthuav dav feem ntau yog siv rau hauv CASE system (xws li cov txheej txheej, cov nplaum, kev sib khi thiab cov cev elastic) hauv cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane. Ntawm lawv, polyurethane elastic lub cev yog cov khoom siv polymer synthetic ntawm cov roj hmab dav dav thiab yas. Nws muaj ob qho tib si elasticity siab ntawm roj hmab thiab qhov nyuaj siab thiab lub zog siab ntawm cov yas. 5 txog 10 zaug), nws muaj lub koob npe nrov ntawm "tus vaj ntxwv ntawm cov roj hmab hnav-resistant" thiab muaj lub zog zoo, tiv taus roj, tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg, tiv taus flexion thiab zoo heev tsis kub thiab kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev. Ntxiv rau hom kev nchuav thiab thermoplastic polyurethane elastic lub cev, polyurethane elastic lub cev cov ntaub ntawv kuj suav nrog cov nplaum, txheej txheej, kev sib khi, cov ntaub ntawv paving, hauv qab, tawv hluavtaws, fiber, thiab lwm yam uas dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane elastic. Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm qib kev txawj ntse, polyurethane elasticity tau hloov pauv hauv roj hmab, yas, thiab hlau hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li tsheb, mines, luam ntawv, khoom siv, tshuab ua, kis las, thiab kev thauj mus los.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov koom haum cuam tshuam, kev siv cov polyurethane CASE hauv Suav teb (lub cev elastic, txheej, tawv hluavtaws, kev sib khi thiab cov nplaum) hauv xyoo 2021 yog 7.77 lab tons, thiab qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm 11.5% hauv xyoo 2016-2021 yog 11.5%.
Xyoo 2016, lub zog ntawm polyurethane hauv Suav teb yog 925,000 tons, thiab cov zis hauv xyoo 2021 tau txog 1.5 lab tons, nrog rau kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 10.2%; qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv yog 12.5%. Kwv yees tias los ntawm xyoo 2025, kuv lub teb chaws cov polyurethane elastic lub cev tsim tawm yuav ncav cuag 2.059 lab tons, uas tseem yuav nyob rau ntawm qhov kev loj hlob sai.
Thoob ntiaj teb, cov khoom tsim tawm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm polyurethane elastomers tau txog 2.52 lab tons hauv xyoo 2016 thiab 3.539 lab tons hauv xyoo 2021, nrog rau kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 7.0%. Los ntawm xyoo 2025, kev tsim tawm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm polyurethane elastomer yuav tsum ncav cuag 4.495 lab tons, qhia txog kev loj hlob sai thiab ruaj khov.
Cov thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev. Nws lub zog tensile siab, ntev, tiv taus roj, tiv taus kub tsawg, tiv taus huab cua, thiab tiv taus ozone, thiab qhov nyuaj yog dav. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev siv TPU hauv kev lag luam tau nthuav dav los ntawm kev lag luam khau mus rau cov lag luam siab xws li tshuaj, dav hlau, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, txij li xyoo 2014 txog 2021, qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo ntawm TPU tsim tawm hauv Suav teb yog siab txog 14.5%. Xyoo 2021, kuv lub teb chaws TPU tsim tawm yog li 645,000 tons. kuv lub teb chaws tau dhau los ua lub teb chaws tsim TPU loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov zis thiab cov khoom xa tawm tau nce ntxiv tas li hauv xyoo tas los no.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav tau, kev lag luam TPU thoob ntiaj teb tam sim no yog nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe, Tebchaws Meskas, thiab thaj chaw Asia-Pacific. Ntawm lawv, thaj chaw Esxias coj los ntawm Tuam Tshoj yog lub khw lag luam hauv cheeb tsam ceev tshaj plaws hauv kev siv TPU thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Tshwj Xeeb Elastic ntawm Tuam Tshoj Polyurethane Kev Lag Luam Association, tag nrho kev siv cov khoom polyurethane hauv kuv lub tebchaws xyoo 2018 tau txog 11.3 lab tons, uas kev siv polyurethane elastomers (TPU + CPU) yog li 1.1 lab tons%.
TPU tseem yog ib qho khoom lag luam uas muaj kev loj hlob sai dua hauv polyurethane yav tom ntej. Kuv lub teb chaws tau dhau los ua lub teb chaws siv TPU loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm Tuam Tshoj TPU kev siv hauv xyoo 2017-2021 yog siab txog 12.9%, uas tag nrho kev siv hauv xyoo 2021 yog 602,000 tons, nce 11.6% xyoo-rau-xyoo. Raws li TPU thoob ntiaj teb tso tawm ntawm 1.09 lab tons hauv xyoo 2021, kev siv TPU hauv tsev tau tshaj ib nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Yav tom ntej, kev xav tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khau, zaj duab xis, cov kav dej, thiab cov xov hlau yuav muaj zog dua. Hauv kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob, cov xov hlau cable, thiab zaj duab xis, nws yuav hloov cov ntaub ntawv PVC ib txwm muaj. Nws muaj feem yuav hloov EVA hauv kev lag luam khau. Nws xav tias TPU yuav tseem yog 10 yav tom ntej 10 10% lossis ntau dua kev loj hlob. Nws xav tias nws kev siv yuav ncav cuag txog 900,000 tons los ntawm xyoo 2026.
Nrog rau kev nthuav dav maj mam ntawm qhov ntau lawm, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom polyurethane elastic qis dua, ntau yam ntau yam, kev thov ua lag luam tau zoo dua, thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam sai. Thaum lub sijhawm "Plan Kaum Plaub Tsib Xyoos", kev lag luam Case yuav tsum txhawb nqa kev tsim cov khoom lag luam hauv kev coj ua dej, tsis muaj kuab paug, thiab cov khoom muaj zog; nce CASE txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv hluavtaws ntawm cov qauv raw khoom yooj yim, tsom mus rau polytianmen dej -rau -pyrodramine polyphonus Daim Ntawv Thov; tsom mus rau kev ua cov dej-raws li kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab; txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, tsim cov khoom tshiab, nthuav dav thaj chaw thov, thiab txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab hauv kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau, txoj kev loj, choj qhov av, kev xa hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. Thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm thaj chaw kho mob; txhawb kev siv cov nplaum polyurethane rau xoom formaldehyde ntxiv cov phaj dag; tsim cov khoom sib txawv, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab muaj nqis ntxiv ammonia; txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov qauv khoom siv polyurethane tsis muaj dej, kev ua tau zoo, lub sijhawm ruaj khov; Txhawb kev siv cov khoom siv polyurethane hauv cov tsev prefabricated.
Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho elastomer teb yog:
Cov polyurethane elastomers rau tsheb. Kev lag luam tsheb niaj hnub no tab tom txhim kho mus rau qhov ua tau zoo, zoo, lub teeb yuag, xis nyob thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov roj hmab thiab yas hluavtaws maj mam hloov cov hlau, uas qhib lub zeem muag dav heev rau kev siv polyurethane elastomers.
Polyurethane elastomers rau kev tsim kho. Cov khoom siv asphalt ib txwm muaj dej tsis tau hloov maj mam los ntawm cov khoom siv polyurethane dej tsis tau, ruaj khov; Kev siv polyurethane kev ua si nawv tau dav dua thiab ntau dua. Cov pob qij txha nthuav dav ntawm cov Choj loj, lub txaj pw ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev, txoj kev khiav dav hlau thiab txoj kev loj caulking kuj maj mam ua los ntawm PVC elastomer khov kho ntawm chav tsev kub.
Polyurethane elastomer rau kev siv hauv cov chaw tsuas thee. Muaj kev xav tau ntau rau cov khoom siv uas tsis yog hlau uas tiv taus kev hnav, muaj zog thiab elasticity hauv cov chaw tsuas thee, cov chaw tsuas hlau thiab cov chaw tsuas tsis yog hlau.
Polyurethane elastomer rau khau. Polychloride ester elasticity muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo buffering, lub teeb yuag, hnav tsis kam, skid tsis kam, thiab lwm yam, tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam khau.
Polyurethane elastomer rau kev siv kho mob. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tsiaj txhu, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntshav thiab tsis muaj cov khoom ntxiv yog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev siv TPU thiab CPU cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev kho mob. Nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv yog dav heev.
Daim ntawv polyurethane composite tshiab. Kev siv tshuab composite xav tias yuav coj lub sijhawm tawg tshiab rau kev lag luam polyurethane elastomers.
六, Kev lag luam nthuav dav ntawm Polyurethane saw "Txoj Kev Npaj Tsib Xyoo Thib 14" kev loj hlob sib txawv
Los ntawm lub zeem muag thoob ntiaj teb, kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tsim kho, kev lag luam tsheb, cov khoom siv txawj ntse hauv hluav taws xob, lub zog tshiab thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau tsav tsheb qhov kev thov rau cov khoom polyurethane. Cov tuam txhab polyurethane thoob ntiaj teb txuas ntxiv tsim kho tshiab thev naus laus zis thiab daim ntawv thov, thiab yuav txuas ntxiv txhawb kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov khoom polyurethane tshiab. Nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom polyurethane hauv thaj teb thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm kev lag luam downstream, kev thov ntau yam rau cov khoom polyurethane yuav txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev polyurethane saw hlau.
Hauv 10 xyoo tom ntej no, kev siv cov khoom polyurethane hauv qee qhov chaw tshwj xeeb kuj yuav loj hlob sai. Cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam tshuaj xyuas tias kev thov polyurethane thoob ntiaj teb yuav nce ntxiv ntawm tus nqi ntawm 4.5% ib xyoos. Ntawm lawv, qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo ntawm kev thov polyurethane kwv yees li 5.7% hauv cov teb ntawm tub yees, khau, textiles, kev lom zem thiab lwm yam teb. Kev thov hauv cov khoom lag luam tau nce me ntsis, thiab nws xav tias yuav yog li 3.3% ib xyoos. Cov teb chaws tshiab hauv thaj av Asia-Pacific tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab los nthuav cov ntawv thov downstream, thiab qhov kev thov rau polyurethanes yuav ncav cuag tus nqi loj hlob ob-lej txhua xyoo.
Ua ib yam khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam polyurethane, kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam polyurethane additive yuav tsum tsis txhob siv lub tswv yim tshiab. Hauv qab no, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev txhim kho zoo ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane, nrog rau kev coj ua ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam polyurethane kom nrawm dua kev tsim kho ntawm tus qauv tshiab ntawm "dual-cycle", tsom mus rau ntsuab, qis-carbon, thiab kev hloov pauv digital. , Ua kom nrawm dua kev tsim kho ntawm lub kaw lus kev lag luam niaj hnub, txhawb nqa "qhov tsis zoo" ntawm cov khoom lag luam siab, "nrhiav cov thev naus laus zis siab", "qhib txoj kev tshiab" hauv cov khoom lag luam ib txwm muaj, thiab txhawb nqa kuv lub teb chaws kom txav mus los ntawm polyurethane mus rau lub teb chaws muaj zog.
Tam sim no, polyurethane saw extender tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv polyurethane raw khoom tsim nyog rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws. Kev lag luam polyurethane saw extender tab tom nce kev nqis peev tshiab, tsim kho hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev ua haujlwm siab thiab zoo. Tsom mus rau qhov xav tau ntawm aerospace, cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob, lub zog tshiab, tsheb, tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev, kev thauj mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau, txoj kev loj, choj loj, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv lub tebchaws, kev hloov pauv thiab kev siv cov txiaj ntsig thev naus laus zis polyurethane saw extender tshiab tau nrawm dua los txhim kho qib kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam polyurethane saw extender yog los tsim cov khoom zoo, ntsuab saw extender nrog kev ua tau zoo dua qub. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog huv thiab tsis muaj kuab paug hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, tab sis kuj muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ntsuab hauv cov txheej txheem siv los txhawb kev ntsuab ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom polyurethane. Qhov thib ob, kom nthuav dav kev siv cov khoom saw extender uas twb muaj lawm, kom cov kws tshaj lij saw extender uas twb muaj lawm puv nrog kev siv tshiab. Qib thev naus laus zis ntawm qee lub tuam txhab polyurethane saw extender hauv tsev yog sib npaug rau cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb, tab sis xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv txog kev siv kom ua rau ntau tus neeg siv paub txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txhawb cov khoom kua aromatic diamine nrog kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab kev ua tau zoo heev, thiab siv cov txiaj ntsig synergistic ntawm saw extender los txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo kev siv thiab tus nqi. Qhov thib peb yog los tsim cov khoom tshiab raws li kev thov ntawm kev ua lag luam, los muab cov khoom tsim nyog dua thiab zoo dua rau kev lag luam polyurethane, kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam downstream thiab nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Rau cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane elastic, cov saw extender yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb additive nrog ntau thiab ntxiv tus nqi siab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv lwm cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane thiab txawm tias cov yas ua npuas ncauj, polyurethane saw extender muaj qhov cuam tshuam pom tseeb rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom. Hauv kev lag luam polyurethane, qhov chaw ua lag luam polyurethane saw extender yog loj heev. Yuav kom txhawb nqa thiab ua tus thawj coj hauv kev txhim kho zoo ntawm kev lag luam polyurethane, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txhawb kev tshawb fawb daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm polyurethane saw extender, thiab tsim kom zoo dua thiab ntau hom polyurethane saw extender raws li lub hauv paus ntawm kev them sai sai rau kev noj qab haus huv, kev txuag hluav taws xob, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntawv thov, kom ua rau muaj kev pab ntau dua rau lub neej zoo dua ntawm tib neeg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ob Hlis-08-2023