I.Kev Lag Luam Txheej txheem cej luam thiab thev naus laus zis ua ntej
Polyacrylamide (PAM), uas yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj kho dej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tau ua kom muaj kev vam meej hauv kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev lag luam hauv xyoo tas los. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam tshiab, kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb PAM tau mus txog $ 4.58 nphom hauv 2023 thiab tau kwv yees tias yuav loj hlob mus txog $ 6.23 nphom los ntawm 2028, nrog rau kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 6.3%. Kev kho dej kev lag luam suav txog ntau dua 65% ntawm tag nrho cov kev siv, ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam loj hlob.
1. Kev tawg hauv Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)
Xyoo 2023, pab pawg tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm cov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb hauv * Dej Ntuj *, ua tiav cov khoom siv tshiab APAM nrog "ntse teb" cov yam ntxwv. Siv tshuab molecular imprinting, cov khoom no tuaj yeem hloov kho nws cov qauv molecular raws li cov pa phem hauv dej, txhim kho cov hlau hnyav ion tshem tawm los ntawm 40%, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau kev kho dej khib nyiab. Cov ntaub ntawv teb los ntawm kev kho cov dej khib nyiab tooj liab hauv Jiangxi tau pom tias cov khoom siv no ua tiav 99.2% tooj liab ion tshem tawm thaum txo cov nqi kho mob los ntawm 35%.
Tib lub sijhawm, Nyiv Mitsubishi Chemical tau qhia txog qhov kub-tiv taus APAM series uas tswj kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm 80-120 ° C, hais txog cov kev sib tw hauv cov roj thiab roj av kev kho dej khib nyiab. Cov khoom no tau pom qhov ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb hauv Saudi Aramco lub chaw kho dej oilfield, ua kom floc tsim nrawm los ntawm 50% thiab txo cov sij hawm daws teeb meem rau ob feem peb ntawm cov khoom siv.
2. Kev kho dua tshiab hauv Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM)
Txoj kev kho sludge tau pom kev hloov pauv. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2024, lub teb chaws Yelemees BASF tau tsim ib tug tshiab tiam ultra-siab molecular hnyav CPAM khoom nrog ib tug molecular hnyav tshaj 20 lab Daltons. Los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb kev sib txuas, cov khoom no tsim cov qauv sib txuas sib txuas thaum lub sij hawm sludge dewatering, ua tiav tom qab dewatering sludge noo noo cov ntsiab lus hauv qab 58% - ib qho kev txhim kho 10 feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv. Tom qab siv cov thev naus laus zis no, Paris Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant tau nce sludge kho peev xwm los ntawm 30% thaum txo cov tshuaj siv tshuaj los ntawm 15%.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, lub Dutch startup tsim biosynthetic CPAM siv CRISPR noob-editing thev naus laus zis. Ua los ntawm engineered * E. coli * fermentation, txheej txheem no tag nrho zam kev siv acrylamide monomer, txo cov khoom ecotoxicity los ntawm 90% thiab txiav carbon emissions los ntawm 65% thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom. Txawm hais tias tus nqi tam sim no tseem nyob li ~ 20% siab dua li cov txheej txheem tshuaj synthesis, qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua tiav thaum ua tiav cov khoom tsim los ntawm 2026.
3. Kev nthuav dav ntawm Nonionic Polyacrylamide (NPAM)
NPAM ua kom pom qhov zoo tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho dej tshwj xeeb. Thaum xyoo 2023, Dow Chemical tau qhia txog pH-sensitive NPAM series uas tau hloov kho cov saw hlau txuas ntxiv nyob rau hauv pH 2-12, txhim kho nano-scale tshem tawm cov khib nyiab ntes tau los ntawm 3-5 zaug. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau ua tiav hauv kev npaj dej ultrapure rau kev lag luam semiconductor, ua tiav cov qauv dej zoo ntawm 18.2 MΩ·cm.
Cov kws tshawb fawb Kaus Lim Qab Teb tau tsim pom-lub teeb-degradable NPAM los ntawm kev qhia txog azobenzene structural units. residual polymers tuaj yeem degrade mus rau hauv me me-molecule tebchaw nyob rau hauv 48 teev nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntuj, tag nrho daws teeb meem ib txwm PAM residue. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau raug sim nyob rau hauv xaiv Seoul haus cov nroj tsuag, nrog rau kev lag luam xav tau los ntawm 2025.
II. Kev lag luam Dynamics thiab Regional Developments
1. Kev hloov pauv hauv ntiaj teb kev ua lag luam toj roob hauv pes
Cov cheeb tsam Asia-Pacific tau dhau los ua PAM kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws, suav txog 46% ntawm kev siv thoob ntiaj teb hauv xyoo 2023, nrog rau Tuam Tshoj pab txhawb kev loj hlob feem ntau. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Petroleum thiab Chemical Industry Federation qhia tau hais tias Tuam Tshoj PAM ntau lawm tau mus txog 920,000 tons hauv 2023, nrog rau kev xa khoom tswj hwm 15% txhua xyoo kev loj hlob tus nqi-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau high-end CPAM cov khoom, qhov twg ntshuam dependence tseem siab li 40%.
Kev ua lag luam nyob sab Europe qhia txog kev sib txawv. Tsav los ntawm cov kev cai ib puag ncig nruj, cov khoom siv biodegradable PAM tau nce kev lag luam los ntawm 8% hauv 2020 txog 22% hauv 2023. Fab Kis Veolia tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm los hloov tag nrho cov tsoos CPAM nrog cov kev hloov ntsuab los ntawm 2026.
Kev ua lag luam North American, tau tsav los ntawm shale gas kev loj hlob, tseem muaj zog APAM xav tau. US PAM imports tau nce 18% hauv 2023, nrog 60% siv rau kev siv roj thiab roj tshem tawm cov dej khib nyiab. Qhov tseem ceeb, Mexico tau tshwm sim los ua qhov chaw tsim khoom tshiab, nrog ntau lub teb chaws tsim kev tsim khoom hauv zos.
2. Nqe thiab Supply Chain Dynamics
Los ntawm 2023 txog 2024, PAM raw khoom lag luam muaj kev hloov pauv loj. Acrylamide monomer tus nqi ntaus keeb kwm siab hauv Q3 2023 tab sis rov qab mus rau qib tsim nyog los ntawm Q2 2024 raws li Tuam Tshoj ntxiv cov peev txheej tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, cationic reagent DMC (methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) cov nqi txuas ntxiv nce vim yog cov khoom siv propylene oxide nruj, nce CPAM cov nqi tsim khoom los ntawm 12-15%.
Hais txog cov khoom lag luam, cov thawj coj hauv kev lag luam tau nrawm kev sib koom ua ke ntsug. Solvay Group tau nqis peev € 300 lab hauv lub hauv paus tshiab kev tsim khoom hauv Belgium, ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem ntau lawm los ntawm acrylonitrile mus rau cov khoom kawg. Cia siab tias yuav tshaj tawm xyoo 2025, qhov no yuav txo cov nqi them tag nrho los ntawm 20%. Cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab tau hloov mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb - piv txwv li, Ltalis's Italmatch tau tsom mus rau kev tsim tshwj xeeb APAM formulations rau seawater desalination.
Post lub sij hawm: May-09-2025