Oxalic acidyog ib yam khoom siv organic. Cov tshuaj lom neeg yog H₂C₂O₄. Nws yog cov khoom lag luam metabolic ntawm cov kab mob. Nws yog ob qho tshuaj tsis muaj zog. Nws tau faib dav hauv cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, thiab cov kab mob fungal. Nws ua ntau yam haujlwm hauv cov kab mob sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, oxalic acid feem ntau suav hais tias yog tus neeg tawm tsam rau kev nqus thiab siv cov ntsiab lus minerals. Nws cov anhydride yog carbon trioxide.
Cov yam ntxwv:Daim ntawv monoclinic tsis muaj xim lossis siv lead ua prismatic lossis hmoov dawb, oxalic acid tsis muaj ntxhiab los ntawm oxidation, oxalic acid saj los ntawm kev tsim. Sublimation ntawm 150 ~ 160 ℃. Nws tuaj yeem raug huab cua hauv huab cua kub thiab qhuav. 1g yog soluble hauv 7mL dej, 2mL dej npau, 2.5mL ethanol, 1.8mL ethanol npau, 100mL ether, 5.5mL glycerin, thiab tsis yaj hauv benzene, chloroform thiab roj av ether. 0.1mol / L kua muaj pH ntawm 1.3. Qhov ceev sib piv (dej = 1) yog 1.653. Melting point 189.5 ℃.
Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg:Oxalic acid, tseem hu ua glycolic acid, pom muaj ntau hauv cov khoom noj cog. Oxalic acid yog cov siv lead ua ke tsis muaj xim, yaj hauv dej es tsis yog hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li ether,
Oxalate muaj cov nyhuv sib koom ua ke zoo thiab yog lwm hom hlau chelating hauv cov zaub mov cog. Thaum oxalic acid sib xyaw nrog qee cov hlau alkaline earth, nws cov solubility txo qis heev, xws li calcium oxalate yuav luag tsis yaj hauv dej. Yog li ntawd, qhov muaj oxalic acid muaj cov nyhuv zoo rau kev siv cov zaub mov tseem ceeb; Thaum oxalic acid sib xyaw nrog qee cov hlau hloov pauv, cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke tau tsim vim yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm oxalic acid, thiab lawv cov solubility nce ntxiv heev.
Oxalic acid pib sublimate ntawm 100 ℃, sublimated sai ntawm 125 ℃, thiab sublimated tseem ceeb ntawm 157 ℃, thiab pib decompose.
Muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog alkali, tuaj yeem tsim cov esterification, acyl halogenation, amide reaction. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev txo qis kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv decarboxylation tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qab cua sov. Anhydrous oxalic acid yog hygroscopic. Oxalic acid tsim cov dej-soluble complexes nrog ntau yam hlau.
Cov oxalate feem ntau:1, Sodium oxalate; 2, Potassium oxalate; 3, Calcium oxalate; 4, Ferrous oxalate; 5, Antimony oxalate; 6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate; 7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.
Daim Ntawv Thov:
1. Tus neeg sawv cev ua kom sib xyaw, tus neeg sawv cev npog, tus neeg sawv cev ua kom sib xyaw, tus neeg sawv cev txo qis. Nws yog siv rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm beryllium, calcium, chromium, kub, manganese, strontium, thorium thiab lwm yam hlau ions. Picocrystal tsom xam rau sodium thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus. Precipitate calcium, magnesium, thorium thiab cov khoom tsis tshua muaj av. Cov tshuaj txheem rau kev ntsuas cov tshuaj potassium permanganate thiab cerous sulfate. Bleach. Dye pab. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los tshem tawm cov xeb ntawm cov khaub ncaws hauv kev lag luam tsim kho ua ntej txhuam cov txheej txheem phab ntsa sab nraud, vim tias phab ntsa alkaline muaj zog yuav tsum txhuam oxalic acid alkali ua ntej.
2. Kev lag luam tshuaj siv rau hauv kev tsim cov aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vitamin B12, phenobarbital thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Kev lag luam luam ntawv thiab zas xim siv ua xim pab, tshuaj dawb, tshuaj kho mob nruab nrab. Kev lag luam yas rau kev tsim cov PVC, amino plastics, urea - formaldehyde plastics.
3. Siv ua tus catalyst rau phenolic resin synthesis, cov tshuaj catalytic yog qhov tsis hnyav, cov txheej txheem ruaj khov, thiab lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws. Acetone oxalate kua tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj kho ntawm epoxy resin thiab ua kom lub sijhawm kho luv dua. Kuj tseem siv ua cov tshuaj urea formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin pH regulator. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv polyvinyl formaldehyde dej-soluble nplaum kom txhim kho qhov ceev ziab thiab lub zog sib txuas. Kuj tseem siv ua urea formaldehyde resin curing agent, hlau ion chelating agent. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua tus accelerant rau kev npaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nrog KMnO4 oxidant kom ua kom nrawm dua qhov ceev oxidation thiab ua kom lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv luv dua.
Raws li tus neeg sawv cev bleaching:
Oxalic acid feem ntau yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis thiab tshuaj dawb, siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab borneol thiab lwm yam tshuaj, nrog rau kev ua kom cov hlau tsis tshua muaj kuab tshuaj, cov neeg sawv cev txo cov xim, cov neeg sawv cev tanning, thiab lwm yam.
Oxalic acid kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tsim cov cobalt-molybdenum-aluminium catalysts, ntxuav cov hlau thiab marbles, thiab ua kom dawb ntawm cov ntaub.
Siv rau kev ntxuav thiab kho cov hlau nto, rho tawm cov khoom tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, luam ntawv thiab zas xim, ua tawv, npaj catalyst, thiab lwm yam.
Ua ib tug neeg sawv cev txo qis:
Hauv kev lag luam organic synthesis, nws yog siv los tsim cov hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid thiab lwm yam khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg.
Kev lag luam yas rau kev tsim cov PVC, amino plastics, urea - formaldehyde plastics, xim, thiab lwm yam.
Kev lag luam zas xim yog siv los tsim cov hauv paus ntsuab thiab lwm yam.
Kev lag luam luam ntawv thiab zas xim tuaj yeem hloov acetic acid, siv los ua cov xim zas xim pab, tus neeg sawv cev dawb.
Kev lag luam tshuaj rau kev tsim cov aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, oxalic acid kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tsim ntau yam oxalate ester, oxalate thiab oxalamide cov khoom, thiab diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate thiab lwm yam khoom yog cov khoom tsim tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Txoj kev khaws cia:
1. Kaw rau qhov chaw qhuav thiab txias. Tsis txhob ntub dej, tsis txhob ntub dej thiab tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj. Qhov kub cia yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 40 ℃.
2. Khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov oxides thiab cov tshuaj alkaline. Siv cov hnab polypropylene uas muaj cov hnab yas, 25kg/hnab.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, oxalic acid yog ib yam tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv ntau yam lag luam. Nws cov khoom ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ntxuav, kev ua kom huv thiab kev ua kom dawb, thiab nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam textile, kev ua teb thiab kev ua hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum siv cov tshuaj no, vim nws muaj tshuaj lom thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij yog tias tsis siv kom raug.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-30-2023